Grid-scale adoption of renewables requires energy storage.  Cheap energy storage. For instance, the cost of PV solar, approaching $0.25/kWh, is becoming cost competitive with traditional baseload energy sources (gas, coal, nuclear, etc.), with production costs of about $0.05-$.015/kWh. But solar is intermittent.  And to become “baseload”, PV solar needs to be coupled with an electrical storage system. [...]